ISO 26262 Functional Safety Standards for Automotive Systems

International standard for functional safety of electrical and electronic systems in production automobiles, including motorcycle electronic safety systems, ASIL classification, safety lifecycle management, and comprehensive risk assessment methodologies for automotive applications.

Standard Overview

Publication Date

2018 (Second Edition)

Status

ISO International Standard

Application

Automotive Functional Safety

Scope

E/E Systems Safety Lifecycle

ASIL Levels and Safety Requirements

ASIL A - Low Risk

Basic Safety Requirements

Lowest automotive safety integrity level for minor hazards

  • Basic hazard analysis and risk assessment
  • Standard development processes
  • Basic verification and validation

ASIL B - Medium Risk

Enhanced Safety Requirements

Medium safety integrity level with additional controls

  • Enhanced hazard analysis procedures
  • Improved development processes
  • Additional verification activities

ASIL C - High Risk

Rigorous Safety Requirements

High safety integrity level with strict controls

  • Comprehensive hazard analysis
  • Rigorous development processes
  • Extensive verification and validation

ASIL D - Highest Risk

Maximum Safety Requirements

Highest safety integrity level for critical systems

  • Most stringent hazard analysis
  • Maximum rigor development processes
  • Comprehensive safety validation

Motorcycle Applications

Two-Wheeler Safety Systems

Functional safety for motorcycle electronic systems

  • ABS and traction control systems
  • Engine management safety functions
  • Immobilizer and security systems

Safety Lifecycle

Comprehensive Lifecycle Management

End-to-end safety management throughout product lifecycle

  • Concept phase safety planning
  • Development phase safety activities
  • Production and operation safety management

Implementation Features

Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment

Comprehensive methodologies for identifying and assessing safety hazards in automotive systems.

  • Systematic hazard identification procedures
  • Risk assessment using severity, exposure, and controllability
  • ASIL determination based on risk parameters
  • Safety goal definition and allocation
  • Functional safety concept development
  • Technical safety concept implementation

Safety Management and Planning

Organizational and project-level safety management processes and planning activities.

  • Functional safety management system
  • Safety planning and project management
  • Competence management and training
  • Safety culture and organizational processes
  • Configuration management and change control
  • Documentation and evidence management

Verification and Validation

Systematic verification and validation processes to ensure safety requirements compliance.

  • Requirements-based testing strategies
  • Hardware-software integration testing
  • Fault injection and robustness testing
  • Safety validation in target environment
  • Independent assessment and review
  • Safety case development and approval